【佳学基因检测】膀胱癌的基因研究和分子标志物

肿瘤基因检测有用吗分析

分析泌尿科分子诊断与基因分析了解《Semin Surg Oncol》在. 1997 Sep-Oct;13(5):319-27.发表了一篇题目为《膀胱癌的基因研究和分子标志物》肿瘤靶向药物治疗基因检测临床研究文章。该研究由C Cordon-Cardo , J Sheinfeld, G Dalbagni等完成。促进了肿瘤的正确治疗与个性化用药的发展，进一步强调了基因信息检测与分析的重要性。

肿瘤标志物研究内容关键词：

原癌基因,显性事件,抑癌基因,TP53,膀胱癌

肿瘤靶向治疗基因检测临床应用结果

涉及细胞转化和肿瘤进展的靶基因分为两类：原癌基因，当被激活时，成为以功能获得为特征的显性事件，以及成为以功能丧失为特征的隐性事件的肿瘤抑制基因。原癌基因和肿瘤抑制基因的改变在人类癌症中似乎同样普遍。似乎需要多个突变来符合恶性表型。原癌基因主要由点突变激活；然而，扩增和易位事件也很常见。肿瘤抑制基因因等位基因缺失而失活，随后剩余等位基因发生点突变。原型抑制基因是视网膜母细胞瘤（RB）基因和TP53（也称为p53）基因。最近的研究表明，TP53 和 RB 的失活发生在具有更具侵袭性的临床结果和不良预后的膀胱肿瘤中。我们将回顾膀胱肿瘤中与癌基因和抑癌基因相关的分子异常，并讨论其检测的潜在临床用途。实施客观预测分析以识别临床材料中的这些变化将增强我们评估肿瘤生物活性和设计有效治疗方案的能力。

肿瘤发生与反复转移国际数据库描述：

Target genes implicated in cellular transformation and tumor progression have been divided into two categories: proto-oncogenes which, when activated, become dominant events characterized by the gain of function, and tumor suppressor genes which become recessive events characterized by the loss of function. Alterations in proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes seem equally prevalent among human cancers. Multiple mutations appear to be required to conform the malignant phenotype. Proto-oncogenes are activated mainly by point mutations; however, amplification and translocation events are also common. Tumor suppressor genes are inactivated by an allelic loss followed by a point mutation of the remaining allele. The prototype suppressor genes are the retinoblastoma (RB) gene and the TP53 (also known as p53) genes. Recent studies have shown that inactivation of TP53 and RB occur in bladder tumors that have a more aggressive clinical outcome and poor prognosis. We will review the molecular abnormalities associated with both oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in bladder tumors, and also discuss the potential clinical use of their detection. The implementation of objective predictive assays to identify these alterations in clinical material will enhance our ability to assess tumor biological activities and to design effective treatment regimes.

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